Iceland

Iceland is an island which is lies in the North Atlantic Ocean and to the east of Greenland. Iceland is the world’s 18th largest island and Europe’s 2nd largest island. Iceland is one of the most volcanic regions in the world and about 13 percent of its land is covered by glaciers, snowfields and only 7 percent land is fertile and used by people. This island was preserved by the Icelandic sagas of the 13th century. From 1262 to 1264 Iceland was ruled by the Norwegians and they passed on this island to the Danish. In 1918 Denmark acknowledged Iceland and declared it to be the separate state with unlimited sovereignty.

About 79 percent of its area which is volcanic origin consists of lakes, glaciers, mountainous lava desert and other wasteland. Remaining area is used for cultivating and grazing. Because of the Gulf Stream and its moderating influence the climate is damp with cool summers and windy winters. Most of the Icelanders are Norwegian settlers and thus the main language spoken is Nordic and Icelandic, although English and German is also widely spoken in the country. About 91 percent of the population belongs to the state Church which is the Evangelical Lutheran Church and Lutheran Church. Iceland mainly depends on Fishing Industry as it provides almost 40 percent of exports earnings. Iceland lacks on natural resources except for its abundance in geothermal power and hydro electric power.

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